Zebra fish8/9/2023 ![]() This way, automatic analysis of laboratory procedures maximizes data reliability, improving research performance and helping to standardize and validate experimental tests 5. However, experiments that involve tracking fish positions in the video during the presentation of stimuli may allow a better analysis of the fully automated training of several adult zebrafish for arbitrary visual stimuli in parallel 18. In addition, many behavioral studies have proposed measuring the level of fish learning by computational methods, based on fish detection and tracking, however, the biggest challenge of tracking algorithms is the complexity of fish movements during fast swimming captured in video images 1, 4, 12, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31. In behavioral terms, several studies have shown zebrafish learning from different visual and sound approaches, such as identifying color preferences 13, 17, 18, 19, through the usage of lights (for association with danger, well-being, evacuation, memory 4, 7, in physical exercise 20, in the usage of sounds to identify the fish's sound perception 21, 22, 23, 24, in the operant behavioral test to examine aspects of controlling a series of stimuli in zebrafish 6, and several other approaches. In this way, many experiences involving zebrafish behavior have already been tested and continue to be a field of study in research. In addition to robust behavioral phenotypes, zebrafish has a homology with nucleotide and functional sequences among mammalian genes, which makes it suitable for research 12, 13.īehavioral tests of learning and memory can be used even in the larval stage of zebrafish 14, 15, 16. The zebrafish ( Danio rerio) is a small freshwater teleost fish from South Asia 10, and has become a model for behavioral research in neuroscience 5, 11, potentially suitable for studies on vertebrate learning 9, because of the simplicity in the practice of maintenance, their proliferating nature and for having increased development of genetic markers, in addition to the practicality in handling, due to its small size (4 cm) and due to being fertile after three months. Thus, learning plays an important role in the development of this behavior and has been studied in many animal models in the field of neuroscience and psychobiology 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. In addition, learning and memory can help the fish improve anti-predator behavior when being attacked by predators by observing their companions' behavior 1, 3. Learning and memory are complex brain processes that allow animals to adjust their behavior throughout the experience and in different environments 1, 2. This automated system allows for the conditioning and assessment of zebrafish behavior online, with greater stability in experiments, and in the analysis of the behavior of individual fish or fish schools, including learning and memory studies. The behavior change was clear in stimulated fish in relation to the control group, thus, the distances traveled and the speed were greater, while the polarization was lower in stimulated fish. When the fish were subjected to two stimuli for decision-making in the food reward, the zebrafish obtained better responses to red light stimuli in relation to vibration. In simple conditioning, the zebrafish showed significant responses from the second attempt, learning that the conditioned stimulus was a predictor of food presentation in a specific space of the tank, where the food was dumped. The images were captured and processed for automatic detection of the fish, and the training of the fish was done in two evaluation strategies: simple and complex. Microcontrolled components were used to control the delivery of visual and sound stimuli, in addition to the concise amounts of food after conditioned stimuli for adult zebrafish groups in a conventional tank. Here, a fully automatic conditioning and detailed analysis of zebrafish behavior is presented. ![]() However, the analyses can be implemented in an automated way, using an online strategy and video processing for a complete assessment of the zebrafish behavior, based on the detection and tracking of fish during an activity. Sometimes, thorough analyses are difficult to do, as fish can behave unpredictably during an experimental strategy. Measuring fish behavior by computational methods is one of the most efficient ways to avoid human bias in experimental analyses, extending them to various approaches. Studies using zebrafish ( Danio rerio) in neuro-behavioural research are growing.
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